Converting Shell Eggs to Egg Products? Thinking about converting from shell eggs to liquid or dried eggs? Converting from shell eggs to liquid or dried eggs in your formulas is really quite easy and won’t affect your bowl cost. It’s simply a weight for weight substitution. Other conversion benefits: Saves time, labor and waste Reduces cold storage space needed Increases shelf life – simplifies inventory tracking Streamlines ingredient preparation Provides batch-to-batch consistency Improves long-term product quality Watch as the baking experts at AIB International show you just how easy it is to adjust your formula to use liquid or dried eggs. Refer one of the worksheets to get started. Converting from Shell Eggs to Liquid Eggs Downloadable SHELL eggs to LIQUID eggs worksheets SHELL WHOLE EGGS TO LIQUID WHOLE EGGS SHELL EGG WHITES TO LIQUID EGG WHITES SHELL EGG YOLKS TO LIQUID EGG YOLKS Converting from Liquid Eggs to Dried Eggs Downloadable LIQUID eggs to DRIED eggs worksheets LIQUID WHOLE EGGS TO DRIED WHOLE EGGS LIQUID EGG WHITES TO DRY EGG WHITES LIQUID EGG YOLKS TO DRIED EGG YOLKS

Earl Grey Tea Chocolate Pudding with Butter Caramel and Vanilla Sauce Ingredients: Earl Grey Tea Filling Earl Grey tea leaves 10g Cream 300g Milk 300g U.S. Liquid Egg Yolk 150g Sugar 95g Dark chocolate 100g White bread (sliced) 250g Butter (melted) 150g Butter Caramel sauce Cream 500g Vanilla Stick 1pc Granulated Sugar 112g Glucose Syrup 112g Butter 58g Method: Boil cream, milk and Earl Grey tea together. Set aside for a few minutes to ensure of a strong flavour, then strain it. Mix egg yolks and sugar, add in mixture from Step 1 and boil again until 85°C. Pour in the dark chocolate and mix well. Then strain again and ready to be used. Cut white bread into littlesquares, pour the melting butter and mix well. Put it in over at low temperature of about 120°C for 30 minutes until it turns brown colour. Wrap the stainless ring with luminium foil at the bottom. Add a little bit of butter bread crumbles inside, then pour the Earl Grey tea filling, and bake in the oven at 150°C until set. Repeat this step until the ring is almost filled. After finish baking, let cool and keep it in the refrigerator until cold. Butter Caramel Sauce Soak the vanilla bean in the cream for two hours. Melt the glucose and the sugar until it caramelised. Turn off the heat, add in the vanilla bean cream and cool the mixture until it reaches 40°C. Add the softly whipped butter and mix well. Earl Grey Tea Chocolate Pudding Take out the Earl Grey tea pudding from the refrigerator, remove the aluminium foil and place it on a plate. Pour the caramel sauce on top and a little vanilla sauce surrounding the plate. Add a little garnish of butter bread crumbles on the pudding and around the plate.

Health & Nutrition New USDA study shows eggs have 14% less cholesterol and more vitamin D. The amount of cholesterol in a single large egg has decreased by 14 percent according to the new United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrition data*. Consuming an egg a day fits easily within dietary guidance, which recommends limiting cholesterol consumption to 300 mg per day. Egg Nutrients Egg Nutrient Chart Here's to your health Cracking the Cholesterol Myth Research Snapshot What the Numbers Reveal

Advantages of Egg Products Direct from Mother Nature, with a touch of modern technology that cracks, separates and packages convenient forms of whole eggs whites and yolks, egg products provide food formulators with important benefits: Functional : Egg products supply foods with more than 20 functional properties including aeration, binding, coagulation, emulsification, foaming and whipping, to name a few. Ease of use : Egg products are ready to use immediately, e.g., liquid or dried egg that is compatible with mechanized proportioning systems in food plants, or pre-cooked egg entrees ready to heat and serve. Convenience : Ready-to-use egg products just need to be measured for use – many egg products even come pre-measured. Bulk quantities may be customized with ingredients already incorporated into the egg product to reduce labor. Equipment needs are minimal, clean-up is simplified, and, except for packaging materials, there is no waste for disposal. Economy : Reduced handling, minimal shipping cost and elimination of breakage result in reduced-cost formulations. They are one of the most economical complete protein sources available. Safety : Egg products are pasteurized to destroy Salmonella and other bacteria. Minimal Storage Space : A 100-pound drum of dried egg white solids is equivalent to the whites from about 28 cases (360 large shell eggs per case) of shell eggs. 100-pounds of dried whole egg solids are the equivalent to about 10 cases of large shell eggs. A 30-pound container of frozen eggs is equivalent to about 22 dozen large shell eggs. Uniformity : Egg products can be produced to definite specifications to assure consistent performance in formulations. Stability : When properly stored according to their type, egg products will keep their quality over several months. Quality : Most egg products are virtually indistinguishable from fresh eggs in nutritional value, flavor and most functional properties. These qualities are well retained during proper storage.

Comfort In Eggs Comfort foods are part of a larger trend that sees Americans returning to the basics. They're eating at home more. The web site Allrecipes.com conducted its Annual Food Trend Forecast at the end of 2008 and 80 percent of respondents said they plan to cook at home more in 2009 to help manage food budgets while 61 percent reported eating out less in 2008. The Food Marketing Institute's U.S. Grocery Shopper Trends 2008 reports 71 percent of consumers polled say they're eating more leftovers. The good news is that although consumers might be searching for ways to spend money more wisely, they are still stocking the pantry. Consumers still need prepared food solutions to make meal preparation easier. One answer for food formulators navigating the tricky waters of supplying comfort foods on a budget is using the egg as an ingredient. Processors have reduced the functional difference between frozen liquid and dried eggs so preference today is dictated in terms of end-user requirements. Liquid eggs, for example, are especially convenient for the fast food industry as interest in hand-held breakfast sandwiches continues in popularity. Dried eggs offer prepared food manufacturers the advantages of shelf-stability and easier storage. Dried egg ingredients provide the functional and nutritional benefits without the added liquid some formulations don't require. For information about health and nutrition topics, visit the Egg Nutrition Center at www.enc-online.org

Appearance / Missing Eggs Q: What is double yolk eggs? How are they formed? A: A double yolk occurs when a chicken releases two yolks into the same shell and are usually produced by young chickens whose reproductive systems have not fully matured. Double yolks can also come from older chickens nearing the end of their egg producing period. Eggs with double yolks are perfectly safe to eat. Some say it’s a sign of good luck to find them! The chance of getting a double yolk is said to be 1 in a 1000 but this is dependent on the age of the flock. It is possible to get more than one double yolk egg in the same dozen. Q: Is the internal appearance of eggs related to egg safety? A: Egg appearance is not usually related to food safety. Variation in color and appearance can be due to many factors: Blood or meat spot – Rupture of small blood vessel(s) in yolk at time of ovulation, or deposition of tissue during egg formation Cloudy egg white – Egg is extremely fresh Color of yolk – Influenced by pigments in feed in the hen’s diet Green ring on hard-cooked yolk – Result of overcooking egg, caused by sulfur and iron compound reactions on the yolk surface of the yolk Off-color egg white, i.e. pink, green or iridescent – Spoilage due to Pseudomonas bacteria, a very common type of bacteria that healthy people often carry without knowing it. This bacteria produces a greenish, fluorescent, water-soluble pigment in the egg white. If you come across an egg with an off-color egg white, DO NOT EAT. Black or green spots inside the egg – Results of bacterial or fungal contamination of the egg. If you come across an egg with black or green spots inside the egg, DO NOT EAT.. Q: What does blood spot in an egg mean? Is the egg okay to eat? A: People are accustomed to seeing perfect whites and yolks when they crack an egg so it’s understandable questions arise when that’s not the case. Eggs with blood spots (sometimes called meat spots) are fine to eat as long as they are properly cooked. Most eggs with anomalies like these are detected by electronic spotters and never reach the market, but it’s impossible to catch them all. Blood or meat spots are caused by the rupture of a blood vessel on the yolk surface when it’s being formed or by a similar accident in the wall of the oviduct in the hen’s reproductive tract..

Frequently Asked Questions Q: Are brown eggs more nutritious than white eggs? A: The color of the egg’s shell is determined by the breed of the hen. Since many consumers prefer white eggs producers most often raise White Leghorn hens, which produce eggs with white shells. Consumers who live in the New England area often prefer brown shelled eggs, so egg producers there raise breeds such as the Rhode Island Red which produces brown shell eggs. The color of the shell has nothing to do with egg quality, flavor, or nutritional value, only the breed of hen laying the eggs. However, brown shell eggs are usually slightly higher in price than white eggs because the brown shell producing hens are larger birds and require more feed for the eggs produced. Q: Are raw eggs safe to eat? A: Raw eggs or any products containing raw eggs should not be eaten. Even though the likelihood that an egg might contain bacteria is very small, the only way to ensure that any bacteria may be present is killed is to properly cook the egg. According to the FDA Food Code, eggs for immediate consumption can be cooked to 145°F for 15 seconds. If the eggs are to be used in a recipe with other food items, dilute the eggs with liquid or other ingredients, such as milk or sugar (at least ¼ cup liquid or sugar per egg as in custard) and cook the egg mixture to 160°F, which will destroy harmful bacteria in a few seconds. Adequate cooking brings eggs and other foods to a temperature high enough to destroy bacteria that might be present. If a recipe calls for raw eggs, use pasteurized shell eggs or pasteurized egg products. Q: Can I eat eggs if I’m pregnant or breastfeeding? A: Eggs are as safe to eat during pregnancy or nursing as any other time of life – provided they are handled properly and cooked adequately. In fact, according to the Egg Nutrition Center, essential nutrients within the egg can support a healthy pregnancy, growth and development of children, and muscle mass and function during aging. Eggs are an excellent source of choline, which plays an essential role in fetal and infant brain development, and adequate choline during pregnancy may help prevent neural tube birth defects. For other egg nutrition questions, visit the Egg Nutrition Center (www.eggnutritioncenter.org ). Q: What are organic and free-range eggs and do they differ nutritionally? A: Organic eggs are eggs produced by hens fed “organic” feeds grown without pesticides, chemical or commercial fertilizers. In addition, there are no pesticides, herbicides, or fungicides added to the feed. There are no known nutritional differences between organic eggs and regular eggs. Free-range eggs are produced by hens raised outdoors or with daily access to the outdoors. The hens are free to run around, but in the event of bad weather the hens are kept inside. True free-range eggs are only available on a seasonal basis in the United States. The term free-range can also refer to eggs produced by hens raised inside on an open floor rather than in cages. Free range eggs do not differ from regular eggs in terms of nutritional value or cholesterol level; however, they are more expensive due to production costs. Q: Where are the vitamins and minerals located in the egg? A: The yolk or yellow portion of the egg contains a higher proportion of the egg’s vitamins and minerals than the white. Please refer to the chart (right) for the list of nutrients contained in one egg. Q: Where can I learn more about egg nutrition? A: Eggs are a natural source of high-quality protein and a number of other nutrients – at only about 70 calories per egg. Nutrition research suggests eggs can play a role in weight management, muscle strength, healthy pregnancy, brain function, eye health and more. For more information on all egg nutrition questions, visit the Egg Nutrition Center ( www.eggnutritioncenter.org ). Q: What is the best temperature to cook an egg? A: Adequate cooking brings eggs to a temperature high enough to destroy bacteria that might be present in the egg yolk or egg white. Egg white coagulates at 144-149° F, yolk coagulates at 149-158° F, and whole eggs coagulate at 144-158° F. A food thermometer is an invaluable tool to quickly check for the right temperature. Q: What should I do with leftovers containing eggs? A: Promptly after serving, refrigerate any leftovers containing eggs. Thoroughly reheat leftovers and eat within two to three days. Without tasting them, discard any egg-containing leftovers that have been refrigerated more than three days. A good resource to help manage leftovers is the USDA FoodKeeper app. This application provides food storage information and enables alerts to be set up to contact you before food spoils. Q: How long are hard-cooked eggs safe to eat? Why do hard-cooked eggs spoil faster than fresh eggs? A: Hard-cooked eggs should be refrigerated within two hours of cooking and used within one week. Shell eggs have a protective coating that is washed away when they are hard-cooked. This leaves the pores in the shell open for bacteria to enter. Q: What exactly is cross-contamination and what should I do about it? A: Bacteria can spread from people to food, or from one food or piece of equipment to another. This is called cross-contamination. To help prevent cross-contamination, it’s important to separate foods—especially raw meat, seafood, eggs, and poultry—from other foods. Also wash hands, utensils and surfaces with warm, soapy water before and after handling raw eggs. Q: Is it safe to use eggs that have cracks? A: Never purchase cracked eggs, because bacteria can enter eggs through cracks in the shell. If eggs crack on the way home, break them into a clean container, cover it tightly, keep refrigerated, and use within two days. When preparing, be sure to cook eggs thoroughly, with both the white and yolk firm. Nutrient Content of One Large Egg Whole, Raw, Fresh Nutrient Calories Total Fat (g) Saturated Fat (g) Trans Fat (g) Cholesterol (mg) Sodium (mg) Carbohydrate (g) Protein (g) Vitamin A (IU) Vitamin D (mg) Calcium (mg) Thiamine Vitamin B6 (mg) Vitamin C (mg) Iron (mg) Riboflavin (mg) Folate (mcg) Vitamin B12 (mcg) Zinc (mg) Phosphorus (mg) Lutein & Zeaxanthin (mcg) Choline (mg) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service. 2007. USDA National Nutrient Database for Standard Reference Release #20. Nutrient Data Laboratory (www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/foodcomp) USDA Database for the Choline Content of Common Foods Differences in nutrient levels between egg white, egg yolk and whole egg are due to sampling procedure *Sadler, Strain and Caballero (1999) Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition. San Diego, Academic Press Whole Egg 72 5 1.5 0.05* 212 70 0.4 6.3 244 18 27 0.03 0.07 0 0.09 0.24 24 0.65 0.56 96 166 125 White 16 0.06 0 0 0 55 0.2 3.6 0 0 2 0 0 0 0.03 0.15 1 0.03 0.01 5 0 1.1 Yolk 54 4.5 1.6 0.05* 210 8 0.6 2.7 245 18 22 0.03 0.06 0 0.46 0.09 25 0.33 0.39 66 186 113.3

Find True Satisfaction Eggs possess unique nutritional properties and contribute desirable functional attributes unequaled by any single egg alternative. Eggs also contribute a clean, natural image to help create a consumer -friendly ingredient statement for packaged or prepared foods. Researchers discovered that compared to a bagel-based breakfast of equal weight, the egg breakfast induced greater satiety and significantly reduced the participants' food intake for the rest of the day. Eggs have an impressive macronutrient composition to contribute to their satiety impact. A registered dietitian and culinary instructor at the Institute of Culinary Education in New York called eggs a 'nutritional powerhouse.' And no wonder, eggs provide some of the highest quality protein of any food, as well as being one of the few nondairy sources of vitamin D. For more on the story of egg proteins, independent scientific studies and highlights of the egg's amazing functional properties download the pdf titled: Find True Satisfaction. For information about health and nutrition topics, visit the Egg Nutrition Center at www.enc-online.org

Cracking the Cholesterol Myth More than 40 Years of Research Supports the Role of Eggs in a Healthy Diet Many Americans have shied away from eggs – despite their taste, value, convenience and nutrition – for fear of dietary cholesterol. However, more than 40 years of research have shown that healthy adults can eat eggs without significantly impacting their risk of heart disease. And now, according to new United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) nutrition data (1), eggs are lower in cholesterol than previously recorded. The USDA recently reviewed the nutrient composition of standard large eggs and results show the average amount of cholesterol in one large egg is 185 mg, a 14 percent decrease. The analysis also revealed that large eggs now contain 41 IU of Vitamin D, an increase of 64 percent. Studies demonstrate that healthy adults can enjoy an egg a day without increasing their risk for heart disease, particularly if individuals opt for low cholesterol foods throughout the day. The Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the American Heart Association recommend that individuals consume, on average, less than 300 mg of cholesterol per day. A single large egg contains 185 mg cholesterol. Several international health promotion organizations – including Health Canada, the Canadian Heart and Stroke Foundation, the Australian Heart Foundation and the Irish Heart Foundation – promote eggs as part of a heart-healthy diet, recognizing that they make important nutritional contributions. (2) REFERENCES In 2010, a random sample of regular large shell eggs was collected from locations across the country to analyze the nutrient content of eggs. The testing procedure was last completed with eggs in 2002, and while most nutrients remained similar to those values, cholesterol decreased by 12% and vitamin D increased by 56% from 2002 values. Klein CJ. The scientific evidence and approach taken to establish guidelines for cholesterol intake in Australia, Canada, The United Kingdom, and The United States. LSRO. 2006 www.lsro.org . Accessed November 2006.

Control Appetite to Control Weight If there’s one concern that has been associated with women throughout history, it surely must be weight control. Unlike the hunter, women have been the gathers of society, concerned with preparing the food for the family. Whereas men historically performed hard labor in securing food, women have had lives that required less physical exertion. Accompanying this role, a women’s weight was controlled by hormones that were programmed to provide nourishment for suckling infants as well as stored energy to protect them from starvation when the hunter returned unsuccessful. How does the modern woman meet this goal when food is plentiful and time is short? By using the same strategies that have brought us into this technological age, today’s woman can be successful in controlling her weight. The goal is to follow a plan that includes a routine intake of nutrient dense foods consumed throughout the day which is balanced with activities to provide an outlet for her energy intake. Starting the day with a nutrient dense breakfast has been shown to help children focus and perform better in school. Similarly, studies have found breakfast is important for adult cognition and memory as well. Other studies have shown that eating a nutrient dense breakfast helps to reduce snacking on less nutritious and more calorie laden foods throughout the day. Eggs, when eaten at the start of the day, provide a satisfying meal that can keep the stomach from emptying too quickly thereby providing a long period of satiety. At 75 calories per large egg, eggs actually contribute few calories for all the nutrients that they provide. When teamed up with whole grains and vegetables they are a complete meal that is easily prepared, widely available and inexpensive making them a useful tool when planning a “women’s weight control” program.